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Question 1 of 245
1. Question
Special cells in the body that are able to transform into other cells
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Question 2 of 245
2. Question
A temporary, insufficient blood supply to the brain which cause a loss of consciousness. Usually caused by a serious arrhythmia.
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Question 3 of 245
3. Question
A diagnostic test that analyzes sound waves bounced off the heart. The sound waves are sent through a tube-like device inserted in the mouth and passed down the esophagus (food pipe), which ends near the heart. This techique is useful in the studying patients whose heart and vessel, for various reason, are difficult to assess with standard echocardiography.
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Question 4 of 245
4. Question
An arrhythmia (abnormal heartbeat) in the ventricle characterized by a very fast heatbeat.
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Question 5 of 245
5. Question
A medicine that lowers blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a chemical in the body that causes the blood vessels to tighten (constrict).
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Question 6 of 245
6. Question
A manmade heart. Also called a total artificial heart (TAH).
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Question 7 of 245
7. Question
A long tube-like device with a small balloon on the end that can be threaded through an artery. Used in angioplasty or valvuloplasty.
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Question 8 of 245
8. Question
A disorder caused by deposites of an abnormal protein (amyloid) in the heart tissue, which make it hard for the heart to work properly. Also called “stiff heart syndrome.”
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Question 9 of 245
9. Question
A blood clot formed in one part of the body and then carried by the bloodstream to the brain, where it blocks an artery.
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Question 10 of 245
10. Question
A condition in which the heart cannot pump all the blood returning to it, leading to a backup of blood in the vessels and an accumulation of fluid in the body’s tissues, including the lungs.
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Question 11 of 245
11. Question
A medicine made from the leaves of the foxglove plant.
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Question 12 of 245
12. Question
A state in which the heart is larger than normal because of heredity, long-term heavy exercise, or disease and disorders such as obesity, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease.
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Question 13 of 245
13. Question
Death of, or damage to , part of the heart muscle caused by a lack of oxygen-rich blood flowing to the heart.
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Question 14 of 245
14. Question
Rapid breathing usually caused by anxeity. People feel like they can’t get enough air, so they breathe heavily and rapidly, which can lead to numb or tingly arms and legs, or fainting.
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Question 15 of 245
15. Question
Decreased blood flow to an organ, usually due to constriction or obstruction of an artery.
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Question 16 of 245
16. Question
A type of fat found in many foods but mainly in avocados and in canola, olive, and peanut oils. Monounsaturated fats tends to lower LDL cholesterol levels, and some studies suggest that it may do so without also lowering HDL cholesterol levels.
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Question 17 of 245
17. Question
ST-segment-elevation myocardial infraction
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Question 18 of 245
18. Question
The highest blood pressure measured in the arteries. It occurs when the heart contracts with each heartbeat.
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Question 19 of 245
19. Question
A stoke-like event lasts only for a short time and is caused by a temporarily blocked blood vessel
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Question 20 of 245
20. Question
A feeling of dizziness or spinning.
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Question 21 of 245
21. Question
The ring around a heart valve where the valve leaflet merges with the heart muscles.
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Question 22 of 245
22. Question
The first portion of the aorta, emerging from the heart’s left ventricle.
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Question 23 of 245
23. Question
A procedure to repair a heart valve. A balloon-tipped catheter is threaded through an artery and into the heart. The balloon is inflated to open and separate any narrow or stiffened flaps (called leaflets) of a valve.
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Question 24 of 245
24. Question
The stopping of the heartbeat, usually because of interence with the electrical signal (often associated with coronary heart disease).
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Question 25 of 245
25. Question
Bleeding within the brain resulting from a ruptured blood vessel, aneurysm, or head injury.
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Question 26 of 245
26. Question
Two arteries arising from the aorta that arch down over the top of the heart and divide into branches. They provide blood to the heart muscle.
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Question 27 of 245
27. Question
A condition in which the layers of an artery seperate or are torn, causing blood to flow between the layers. Dissecting aneurysms usually happen in the aorta, the large vessel that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body and can cause sudden death.
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Question 28 of 245
28. Question
A complex chmical capable of speeding up specific biochemical processes in the body.
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Question 29 of 245
29. Question
General term for conditions in which the electrical impulse that activates the heart muscle cells is delayed or interrupted somewhere along its path.
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Question 30 of 245
30. Question
Low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.
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Question 31 of 245
31. Question
Also called coronary artery disease and coronary heart disease, term is applied to the heart problems caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries, thereby causing a decreased blood supply to the heart.
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Question 32 of 245
32. Question
The total number of deaths from a given disease in a population during an interval of time, usually a year.
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Question 33 of 245
33. Question
A device made of expandable, metal mesh that is placed (by using a balloon catheter) at the site of a narrowing artery. The stent is then expanded and left in place to keep the artery open
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Question 34 of 245
34. Question
Accelerated beating of the heart. Paroxysmal tachycardia is a particular form of rapid heart action, occuring in seizures that may last from a few seconds to several days.
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Question 35 of 245
35. Question
Replacing a failing organ with a healthy one from a donor.
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Question 36 of 245
36. Question
A condition in which an extra electrical pathway connects the atria (twoo upper chambers) and the ventricles (two lower chambers). It may cause a rapid heartbeat.
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Question 37 of 245
37. Question
Medicine used to treat patients who have irregular heart rhythms.
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Question 38 of 245
38. Question
Acetylsalicylic acid; a medicine used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and prevent blood clots.
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Question 39 of 245
39. Question
An antihypertensive medcine that limits the activity of epinephrine, a hormone that increases blood pressure.
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Question 40 of 245
40. Question
A term for the muscle and weight loss caused by severe heart disease. It is often related to the depressed cardiac output associated with end-stage heart failure, but it can also occur with severe coronary disease.
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Question 41 of 245
41. Question
Formation of the blood clot in an artery that supplies part of the brain.
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Question 42 of 245
42. Question
A congenital defect in one or more of the coronary arteries of the heart.
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Question 43 of 245
43. Question
A drug that lower blood pressure by causing fluid loss. Diuretics promote urine production.
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Question 44 of 245
44. Question
The thin membrane covering the outside surface of the heart muscle.
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Question 45 of 245
45. Question
See congestive heart failure.
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Question 46 of 245
46. Question
Decreased muscle movement. In relation to the heart, hypokinesia refers to decreased heart wall motion during each heartbeat. It is associated with cardiomyopathy, heart failure, or heart attack. Also called hypokinesis.
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Question 47 of 245
47. Question
A type of stroke that is caused by blockage in blood vessel.
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Question 48 of 245
48. Question
Noises superimposed on normal heart sounds. They are caused by congenital defects or damaged heart valves that do not close properly and allow blood to leak back into the chamber from which it has come.
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Question 49 of 245
49. Question
The narrowing or constriction of an opening, such as a blood vessel or heart valve
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Question 50 of 245
50. Question
Rapid breathing
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Question 51 of 245
51. Question
The structure that controls blood flow from the heart’s upper chamber ( the right atrium) into the lower right chamber (the right ventricle).
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Question 52 of 245
52. Question
Form of radiation used to create a picture of internal body structures on film.
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Question 53 of 245
53. Question
Any medicine that keeps the blood from clotting; a blood thinner.
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Question 54 of 245
54. Question
A nonsurgical technique for treating diseased arteries with a rotating device that cuts or shaves away material that is blocking or narrowing an artery
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Question 55 of 245
55. Question
The process by which a small sample of tissue is taken for examination.
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Question 56 of 245
56. Question
A procedure that involves inserting a fine, hollow tube (catheter) into an artery, usally in the groin area, and passing the tube into the heart. Often used along with angiography and other procedures, cardiac catheterization has become a primary tool for visualizing the heart and blood vessels and diagnosing and treating heart disease.
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Question 57 of 245
57. Question
Pertaining to the blood vessels of the brain.
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Question 58 of 245
58. Question
Surgical rerouting of blood around a diseased vessel that supplies blood to the heart. Done by grafting either a piece of vein from the leg or a piece of the artery from under the breastbone.
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Question 59 of 245
59. Question
A technology that uses sound waves to assess blood flow within the heart and blood vessels and to identify leaks valves.
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Question 60 of 245
60. Question
A female hormone produce by the ovaries that may protect premenopausal women against heart disease. Estrogen production stops after menopause.
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Question 61 of 245
61. Question
An apparatus that oxygenates and pumps blood to the body during open heart surgery; see cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Question 62 of 245
62. Question
Abnormally low blood pressure.
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Question 63 of 245
63. Question
The veins that carry blood back from the head to the heart.
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Question 64 of 245
64. Question
A heart attack. The damage or death of an area of the heart muscle (myocarditis) resulting from a blocked blood supply to the area. The affected tissue dies, injuring the heart. Symptoms include prolonged, intensive chest pain and a decrease in blood pressure that often cause shock.
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Question 65 of 245
65. Question
An instrument for listening to sounds within the body
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Question 66 of 245
66. Question
Also called cardiac tamponade. A condintion in which the heart is compressed or constricted because of a large amount of fluid or blood on the space between the heart muscle and that sac that surrounds the heart (the pericardium).
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Question 67 of 245
67. Question
The most common fatty substance found in the blood; normally stored as an energy source in fat tissue.
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Question 68 of 245
68. Question
The area of the body between the bottom of the ribs and the top of the thighs.
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Question 69 of 245
69. Question
Any medicine or other therapy that lowers blood pressure.
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Question 70 of 245
70. Question
A disease process that leads to the buildup of a waxy substance, called plaque, inside blood vessels.
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Question 71 of 245
71. Question
A jelly-like mass of blood tissue formed by clotting factors in the blood. Clots stop the flow of blood from an injury. Clots can also form inside an artery when the artery’s walls are damaged by atherosclerotic buildup, possibly causing a heart attack or stroke.
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Question 72 of 245
72. Question
Complex substance capable of speeding up certain biochemical processes in the heart muscle. Abnormal levels of these enzymes signal heart attack.
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Question 73 of 245
73. Question
Also called cerebral vascular accident, apoplexy, or stroke. Blood supply to some part of the brain is slowed or stopped, resulting in injury to brain tissue.
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Question 74 of 245
74. Question
A narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. The condition results from a buildup of plaque and greatly increases the risk of a heart attack.
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Question 75 of 245
75. Question
A speech disorder resulting from muscular problems caused by damage to the brain or nervous system.
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Question 76 of 245
76. Question
Hormones that some women may take to offset the effects of menopause.
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Question 77 of 245
77. Question
An abnormal heart sound caused by turbulent blood flow. The sound may indicate taht blood is flowing through a damaged or overwork heart valve, that may be a hole in one of the heart’s walls, or that there is narrowing in one of the heart’s vessels. Some heart murmurs are a harmless type called innocent heart murmurs.
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Question 78 of 245
78. Question
Less than normal content of oxygen in the organs and tissues of the body.
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Question 79 of 245
79. Question
A mechanical device that can be placed outside the body or implanted inside the body. An LVAD does not replace the heart-it “assists” or “helps” it pump oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
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Question 80 of 245
80. Question
Also called third-degree hearth block; a condition that happens when the impulses that pace your heartbeat do not reach the lower chambers of your heart( the ventricles). To make up for this, the ventricles use their own “backup” pacemaker with its slower rate. This rhythm can cause severe dizziness or fainting and can lead to heart failure or death.
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Question 81 of 245
81. Question
An x-ray study that follows the path of radioactive potassium carried by the blood into the heart muscle. Damaged or dead muscle can be defined, as can the extent of narrowing in an artery.
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Question 82 of 245
82. Question
High-frequency sound vibrations, which cannot be heard by the human ear, used in medical diagnosis.
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Question 83 of 245
83. Question
The portion of the aorta in the abdomen
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Question 84 of 245
84. Question
Medicines that stop blood cells (called platelets) from sticking together and forming a blood clot.
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Question 85 of 245
85. Question
The two upper or holding chambers of the heart (togther referred to as atria).
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Question 86 of 245
86. Question
The force or pressure exerted by the heart in pumping blood; the pressure of blood in the arteries.
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Question 87 of 245
87. Question
The amount of blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system in one minute.
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Question 88 of 245
88. Question
The blocking or closing of a blood vessel in the brain.
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Question 89 of 245
89. Question
Disease of the heart caused by a buildup of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries that can lead to angina pectoris or heart attack.
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Question 90 of 245
90. Question
Shorthness of breath.
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Question 91 of 245
91. Question
A common test to help doctors assess blood flow through coronary arteries in response to exercise, usually walking, at varied speeds and for various lenghts of time on a treadmill. A stress test may include use of electrocardiography, and injected radioactive substances. Also called exercise test, nuclear stress test, or treadmill test.
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Question 92 of 245
92. Question
A measure of the of the percentage of red blood cells in a given amount ( or volume) of whole blood.
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Question 93 of 245
93. Question
No unknown cause.
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Question 94 of 245
94. Question
An injury or wound. An atherosclerotic lesion is an injury to an artery due to hardening of the arteries.
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Question 95 of 245
95. Question
An infection, usually in the throat, resulting from the presence of streptococcus bacteria.
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Question 96 of 245
96. Question
A serious condition also called stokes-Adams disease; impulses from the heart’s upper chamber (the artia) are completely blocked from reaching the heart’s lower chamber (the ventricles). To make up for this, the ventricles use their own “backup” pacemaker with its slower rate.
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Question 97 of 245
97. Question
An operation to replace a heart valve that is either blocking normal blood flow or causing blood to leak backward into the heart (regurgitation).
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Question 98 of 245
98. Question
Elimination or removal
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Question 99 of 245
99. Question
The largest artery in the body and the main vessel to supply blood from the heart.
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Question 100 of 245
100. Question
A type of arrhythmia in which the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) beat very fast, causing the walls of the lower chambers (the ventricles) to beat inefficiently as well.
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Question 101 of 245
101. Question
Babies who have a blue tinge to their skin (cyanosis) resulting from insufficient oxygen in the arterial blood. This indicates a heart defect.
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Question 102 of 245
102. Question
A doctor who specializes in the study of the heart and its function in health and disease.
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Question 103 of 245
103. Question
An oily substance that occur naturally in the body, in animal fats and in diary products, and that is transported in the blood. Limited amounts are essential for the normal development of cells membranes. Excess amountcan lead to coronary artery disease.
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Question 104 of 245
104. Question
An obstruction of one of the coronary arteries that hinders blood flow to the heart muscle.
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Question 105 of 245
105. Question
A method of studying the heart’s structure and function by analyzing sound waves bounced off the heart and recorded by an electronic senor placed on the chest. A computer processes the information to produce a one-, two- or three-dimensional moving picture that shows how the heart and heart valves are functioning.
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Question 106 of 245
106. Question
A genetic predisposition to dangerously high cholesterol levels.
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Question 107 of 245
107. Question
A disease in which too much iron builds up in your body (iron overload). Too much iron in the heart can cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) and heart failure. Too much iron in the pancreas can lead to diabetes.
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Question 108 of 245
108. Question
Any medicine that suppresses the body’s immune system. These medicines are used to minimize the chances that the body will reject a newly transplanted organ, such as a heart.
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Question 109 of 245
109. Question
A fatty substance that is insoluble (cannot be dissolved) in the blood.
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Question 110 of 245
110. Question
A clot-dissolving medicine used to treat heart attack patients.
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Question 111 of 245
111. Question
The breaking up of a blood clot
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Question 112 of 245
112. Question
Reshaping of a heart valve with surgical or catheter techniques.
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Question 113 of 245
113. Question
A medicine that lowers blood pressure by interfering with the breakdown of a protien-like substance involved in blood pressure regulation.
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Question 114 of 245
114. Question
The valve that regulates to blood flow from the heart into the aorta.
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Question 115 of 245
115. Question
See septal defect.
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Question 116 of 245
116. Question
A number that indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular diease from a person being overweight. BMI is calculated using a formula of weight in kilograms divided by heaight in meters squared (BMI=W [kg]/H[m^2]).
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Question 117 of 245
117. Question
The study of the heart and its function in health and disease.
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Question 118 of 245
118. Question
The technique of using moving pictures to show how a special dye passes through blood vessels, allowing doctors to diagnose diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
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Question 119 of 245
119. Question
Formation of a clot in one of the arteries carrying blood to the heart muscle. Also called coronary occlusion.
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Question 120 of 245
120. Question
Swelling caused by fluid accumulation in body tissues.
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Question 121 of 245
121. Question
Substances that occur in several forms in foods; different fatty acids have different effects on lipid profiles.
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Question 122 of 245
122. Question
The genetic transmission of a particular quailty or trait from parent to child.
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Question 123 of 245
123. Question
A nonivasive diagnostic test used to evaluate blood flow through the leg.
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Question 124 of 245
124. Question
A lipid surrounded by a protein; the protein makes the lipid soluble (can be dissolved) in the blood.
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Question 125 of 245
125. Question
The breastbone
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Question 126 of 245
126. Question
A blood clot that forms inside the blood vessel or cavity of the heart.
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Question 127 of 245
127. Question
Any vein that is abnormally dilated (widened).
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Question 128 of 245
128. Question
A type of chemical (called a neurotransmitter) that transmit messages among nerve cells and muscles cells.
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Question 129 of 245
129. Question
The inability to speak, write, or understand spoken or written language because of a brain injury or diseased.
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Question 130 of 245
130. Question
A type of arrhythmia that begins in the heart’s upper chambers (the atria) and causes a very fast heart rate of 160 to 200 beats a minute. A resting heart rate is normally 60 to 100 beats a minute.
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Question 131 of 245
131. Question
Abnormally slow heart rate.
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Question 132 of 245
132. Question
An enlarge heart. It is usually a sign of an underlying problem, such as high blood pressure, heart valve problems, or cardiomyopathy.
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Question 133 of 245
133. Question
Pertaining to circulation of the blood through the heart and blood vessels.
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Question 134 of 245
134. Question
The removal of tissue using an instrument called a cold probe.
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Question 135 of 245
135. Question
A measurement of the rate at which blood is pumped out of a filled ventricle. The normal rate is 50% or more.
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Question 136 of 245
136. Question
Rapid, uncoordinated contractions of individual heart muscle fibers. The heart chamber involved can’t contract all at once and pumps blood ineffectively, if at all.
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Question 137 of 245
137. Question
A chronic increase in blood pressure above its normal range.
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Question 138 of 245
138. Question
Also called insufficiency; a valve that is not working properly, causing it to leak blood back in the wrong direction.
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Question 139 of 245
139. Question
The body’s primary cholestrol-carrying molecule. High blood levels of LDL increase a person’s risk of the heart disease by promoting cholestrol attachment and accumulation in blood vessels; hence, the popular nickname “bad cholestrol.”
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Question 140 of 245
140. Question
Bodily or mental tension resulting from physical, chemical, or emotional factors. Stress can refer to physical exertion as well as mental anxiety.
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Question 141 of 245
141. Question
Intravenous or intra-arterial medicines that are used to dissolve blood clots in the artery
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Question 142 of 245
142. Question
Pertains to the blood vessels.
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Question 143 of 245
143. Question
Heart disease that arises after birth, usually from infection or through the build up of fatty deposits in the arteries that feed the heart muscles.
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Question 144 of 245
144. Question
An abnormal heartbeat
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Question 145 of 245
145. Question
An interruption or disturbance of the electrical signal between the heart’s upper two chambers (the atria) and the lower two chambers (the ventricles).
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Question 146 of 245
146. Question
Use of mechanical circulatory support to keep heart failure patients alive until a donor heart becomes available.
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Question 147 of 245
147. Question
A disease of the heart muscle that leads to generalized deterioration of the muscle and its pumping ability.
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Question 148 of 245
148. Question
A tiredness or pain in the arms and legs caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the muscles, usually due to narrowed arteries or peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
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Question 149 of 245
149. Question
Blueness of the skin caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.
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Question 150 of 245
150. Question
A test that can detect and record the brain’s electrical activity. The test is done by affixing metal disks, called electrodes, to the scalp.
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Question 151 of 245
151. Question
Occurs when an electrical impulse from the heart’s upper chambers (the atria) is slowed as it moves through the atria and atrioventricular (AV) node.
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Question 152 of 245
152. Question
A component of cholesterol, HDL helps protect against heart disease by promoting cholesterol breakdown and removal from the blood; hence, its nickname “good cholesterol.”
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Question 153 of 245
153. Question
The area of the heart tissue permanently damaged by an inadequate supply of oxygen.
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Question 154 of 245
154. Question
The hollow are within a tube, such as a blood vessel.
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Question 155 of 245
155. Question
A sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain, either by a clot or a leak in a blood vessel.
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Question 156 of 245
156. Question
A blood clot
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Question 157 of 245
157. Question
Any medicine that dilates (widens) the arteries.
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Question 158 of 245
158. Question
Air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
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Question 159 of 245
159. Question
ARVD is a type of cardiomyopathy with no known cause. It appears to be a genetic condition (passed down through a family’s genes). ARVD causes ventricular arrhythmias.
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Question 160 of 245
160. Question
A group of cells in the heart located between the upper two chambers ( the atrial) and the lower two chambers ( the ventricles) that regulates the electrical current that passes through it to the ventricles.
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Question 161 of 245
161. Question
A sound made in the blood vessels resulting from turbulence, perhaps because of a buildup of plaque or damage to the vessels.
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Question 162 of 245
162. Question
The process by which a mechine is used to do the work of the heart and lungs so the heart can be stopped during surgery.
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Question 163 of 245
163. Question
Blood flow through small, nearby vessels in response to blockage of a main blood vessel.
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Question 164 of 245
164. Question
A birth defect of the heart that causes oxygen-poor (blue) blood to circulate to the body with first passing through the lungs.
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Question 165 of 245
165. Question
A test in which several electronic sensors are placed on the body to monitor electrical activity associated with the heartbeat.
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Question 166 of 245
166. Question
The rapid, ineffective contractions of any heart chamber. A flutter is considered to be more coordinated than fibrillation.
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Question 167 of 245
167. Question
A portable device for recording heartbeats over a period of 24 hours or more.
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Question 168 of 245
168. Question
An infection of the heart valves and the innermost lining of the heart (the endocardium), caused by bacteria in the bloodstream.
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Question 169 of 245
169. Question
A technique that produces images of the heart and other body structures by measuring the response of certain elements (such as hydrogen) in the body to a magnetic field. MRI can produce detailed pictures of the heart and its various structures without the need to inject a dye.
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Question 170 of 245
170. Question
Bleeding from a blood vessel on the surface of the brain into the space between the brain and the skull.
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Question 171 of 245
171. Question
A gland located in the front of the neck, just below the voice box
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Question 172 of 245
172. Question
Any medicine that elevates blood pressure.
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Question 173 of 245
173. Question
A kind of medicine (called an antiarrhythmic) used to treat irregular heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. It works by regulating nerve impulses in your heart. Amiodarone is mainly given to patients who have not responded to other antiarrhythmic medicine.
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Question 174 of 245
174. Question
Small, muscular branches of arteries. When they contract, they arise resistance to blood flow, and blood pressure in the arteries increases.
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Question 175 of 245
175. Question
Either one of the heart’s two upper chambers.
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Question 176 of 245
176. Question
A condition in which parts of the heart’s conduction system are defective and unable to conduct the electrical signal normally, causing an irregular heart rhythm(arrhythmia).
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Question 177 of 245
177. Question
An emergency measure that can maintain a person’s breathing and heartbeat. The person who performs CPR actually helps the patient’s circulatory system by breathing into the patient’s mouth to give them oxygen and by giving chest compression to circulate the patient’s blood. Hands-only CPR involves only chest compressions.
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Question 178 of 245
178. Question
A procedure used to widen the opening of a heart valve that has been narrowed by scar tissue.
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Question 179 of 245
179. Question
A death rate that has been stardardized for age so different populations can be compared or the same population can be compared over time.
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Question 180 of 245
180. Question
Also called embolism; a blood clot that forms in a blood vessel in one part of the body and travels to another part.
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Question 181 of 245
181. Question
A tube-shaped aneurysm that causes the artery to bulge outward. Involves the entire circumference (outside wall) of the artery.
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Question 182 of 245
182. Question
An amino acid (one of the building blocks that makes up a protein) normally found in small amounts in the blood. Too much homocysteine in the blood homocysteine in the blood may promote the buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries. For some people, high homocysteine levels are genetic. For others, it is because they do not get enough of certain B vitamins in their diet.
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Question 183 of 245
183. Question
The large vein returning blood from the legs and abdomen to the heart.
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Question 184 of 245
184. Question
A type of heart surgery that is used to treat chronic atrial fibrillation by creating a surgical “maze” of new electrical pathways to let electrical impulses travel easily through the heart. Also called the Maze procedure.
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Question 185 of 245
185. Question
Two major arteries ( and left) that receive blood from the aortic arch and supply it to the arms
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Question 186 of 245
186. Question
A clot-dissolving medicines that are used to treat heart attack and stroke patients.
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Question 187 of 245
187. Question
Any one of a series of blood vessels of the vascular system that carries blood from various parts of the body back to the heart, returning oxygen-poor blood to the heart
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Question 188 of 245
188. Question
A sec-like protrusion from a blood vessel or the heart, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall or heart muscle.
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Question 189 of 245
189. Question
A test that is combined with cardiac catheterization to visualize an artery or the arterial system after injection of a contrast dye.
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Question 190 of 245
190. Question
Relating to self. For example, autologous stem cells are those taken from the patients’ own body.
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Question 191 of 245
191. Question
Surgery that can improve blood flow to the heart (or other organs and tissues) by providing a new route, or “bypass” around a section of clogged or diseased artery.
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Question 192 of 245
192. Question
Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels that make up the circulatory system.
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Question 193 of 245
193. Question
An x-ray technique that uses a computer to create cross-sectional images of the body.
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Question 194 of 245
194. Question
A blood clot in a deep vein in the calf (DVT).
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Question 195 of 245
195. Question
Surgical removal of plaque deposits or blood clots in an artery.
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Question 196 of 245
196. Question
An x-ray analysis of how blood pools in the heart during rest and exercise. The test uses a radioactive substance to tag red blood cells to allow doctors to estimate the heart’s overall ability to pump and its ability to compensate for one or more blocked arteries. Also called MUGA (multiple gated acquisition scan) or nuclear ventriculography.
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Question 197 of 245
197. Question
Chemicals released into the bloodstream that control different functions in the body, including metabolism, growth, sexual development, and responses to stress or illness.
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Question 198 of 245
198. Question
Positive inotropes: Any medicine that increases the strength of the heart’s contraction. Negative inotropes: Any medicine that decreases the strength of the heart’s contraction and the blood pressure in the vessels.
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Question 199 of 245
199. Question
A narrowing of the mitral valve, which controls blood flow from the heart’s upper left chamber to its lower left chamber. May result from an inherited (congenital) problem or from rheumatic fever.
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Question 200 of 245
200. Question
Death that occurs unexpectedly and instantaneously or shortly after the onset of symptoms.
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Question 201 of 245
201. Question
Created when hydrogen is forced through an ordinary vegetable oil (hydrogenation), converting some polyunsaturates, and some monounsaturates.
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Question 202 of 245
202. Question
One of the two lower chambers of the heart.
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Question 203 of 245
203. Question
Chest pain that occurs when diseased blood vessel restrict blood flow to the heart.
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Question 204 of 245
204. Question
A vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood to the body.
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Question 205 of 245
205. Question
When blood that flows to an organ stays the same even though pressure in the artery that delivers blood to that organ may have changed.
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Question 206 of 245
206. Question
A medicine that lowers blood pressure by regulating calcium-related electrical activity in the heart.
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Question 207 of 245
207. Question
A general term referring to conditions affecting the heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular system). May also simply be called heart disease.
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Question 208 of 245
208. Question
Special muscle fibers that conduct electrical impulses throughout the heart muscle.
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Question 209 of 245
209. Question
A device that helps restore a normal heart rhythm by delivering an electric shock.
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Question 210 of 245
210. Question
The smooth membrane covering the inside of the heart. The innermost lining of the heart.
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Question 211 of 245
211. Question
Blood tests that study a person’s genes to find out if he or she is at risk for certain diseases that are passed down through family members.
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Question 212 of 245
212. Question
High blood pressure.
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Question 213 of 245
213. Question
A durable artery in the chest wall often used as a bypass graft in coronary artery bypass surgery.
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Question 214 of 245
214. Question
The structure that controls blood flow between the heart’s left atrium (upper chamber) and left ventricle (lower chamber).
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Question 215 of 245
215. Question
The large vein that returns blood from the head and arms to the heart.
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Question 216 of 245
216. Question
A minimally invasive procedure to repair a damaged or diseased aortic valve. A catheter is inserted into an artery in the groin and threaded to the heart. A balloon at the end of the catheter, with a replacement valve folded around it, delivers the new valve to take the place of the old.
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Question 217 of 245
217. Question
A mechanical pump that helps the ventricles pump blood, easing the workload of the heart in patients with heart failure.
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Question 218 of 245
218. Question
An x-ray technique in which dye is injected into the chambers of your heart or the arteries that lead to your lead to your heart (the coronary arteries). The test lets doctors measure the blood flow and pressure in the heart chambers see if the coronary arteries are blocked.
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Question 219 of 245
219. Question
Inflammation of the arteries.
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Question 220 of 245
220. Question
Germs that can lead to disease.
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Question 221 of 245
221. Question
A medicine that lowers blood pressure by regulating calcium-related electrical activity in the heart.
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Question 222 of 245
222. Question
A technique of applying an electrical shock to the chest to convert an abnormal heartbeat to a normal rhythm.
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Question 223 of 245
223. Question
Refers to conditions existing at birth.
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Question 224 of 245
224. Question
A disease in which the body doesn’t produce or properly use insulin. Insulin is needed to convert sugar and starch into the energy used in daily life.
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Question 225 of 245
225. Question
The smooth inner lining of many body structures, include the heart (endocardium) and blood vessels.
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Question 226 of 245
226. Question
A small, bendable wire that is threaded through an artery; it helps doctors position a catheter so they can perform angioplasty or stent procedures.
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Question 227 of 245
227. Question
An overgrown heart muscle that creates a bulge into the ventricle and impedes blood flow.
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Question 228 of 245
228. Question
A combination of echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. A miniture echo device on the tip of a catheter is used to generate images inside the heart and blood vessels.
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Question 229 of 245
229. Question
A condition that occurs when the leaflets of the mitral valve between the left atrium and left ventricle bulge into the atrium and permit backflow of blood. The condition can be associated with progressive mitral regurgitation.
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Question 230 of 245
230. Question
An instrument used to measure blood pressure
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Question 231 of 245
231. Question
A retangler rapid heart rate (150-250 beats per minute) that is caused by events triggered in areas above the heart rate (150- 250 beats per minute) that is caused by events triggered in areas above the heart’s lower chamber (the ventricles); see also paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).
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Question 232 of 245
232. Question
Any of the noninvasive procedures usually performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.
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Question 233 of 245
233. Question
A condition in which the ventricles contract in a rapid, unsynchronized fashion. When fibrillation occurs, the ventricles cannot pump blood throughout the body.
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Question 234 of 245
234. Question
A nonsurgical technique for treating diseased arteries by temporarily inflating a tiny balloon inside an artery.
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Question 235 of 245
235. Question
A disease process, commonly called “hardening of the arteries”, which includes a variety of conditions that cause artery walls to thicken and lose elasticity.
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Question 236 of 245
236. Question
A bacterial infection of the lining of the heart’s chambers (called the endocardium) or of the heart’s valves.
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Question 237 of 245
237. Question
Pertaining to the heart.
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Question 238 of 245
238. Question
A major artery (right and left) in the neck supplying blood to the brain.
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Question 239 of 245
239. Question
Malformation of the heart or of its major blood vessels present at birth.
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Question 240 of 245
240. Question
The lowest blood pressure measured in the arteries. It occurs when the heart muscle is relaxed between beats.
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Question 241 of 245
241. Question
A bacterial infection of the heart’s inner lining (endothelium)
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Question 242 of 245
242. Question
A mechanical device that is surgically implanted to ease the workload of the heart.
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Question 243 of 245
243. Question
Enlargement of tissues organs because of increased workload.
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Question 244 of 245
244. Question
A catheter-like tube that is placed inside a patient’s vessel during an interventional procedure to help the doctor with insertion and proper placement of the actual catheter.
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Question 245 of 245
245. Question
An abbreviation for millimeters of mercury. Blood pressure is measured in units of mm Hg-how high the pressure inside the arteries would be able to raise a column of mercury.
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